A kingdom in exchange
Tributary missions from the Ryūkyū Kingdom to the Ming court are documented as early as 1372; in 1392, Chinese families from Fujian settled in Kumemura near Naha. The island was united under Shō Hashi in 1429. Through these channels, literacy, administrative knowledge, music, craftsmanship — and military and physical training practices arrived.
Historically verified1372 is not the birth year of Karate
The year is frequently cited as the "origin of Karate." What is documented is diplomatic relations with China, not a martial art. There is a gap of about four centuries between the beginning of these exchanges and the earliest reconstructible lineages, for which there are hardly any meaningful sources.
State of research / probableWeapons restrictions — a controversial origin story
Following the invasion by Satsuma in 1609 and again in the late 17th century, there were several staggered restrictions on weapons ownership — they applied differently to the nobility, administration, and the rural population. The common shorthand "a weapon ban created Karate" is controversial in research: early training traditions are first documented among the upper class, and the weapons of Kobudō were largely only organized as a separate system in the 20th century.
State of research / probable- 手tī / te"Hand" — Okinawan term for the indigenous fighting technique.
- 唐手tōdī / tōde"Tang hand" — term for the Chinese-influenced martial art.

















